The Polish case studies highlight four social enterprises: KŁOS, U Pana Cogito, Fundacja JMP, and Vocational Activity Centres, all focusing on the employment and social inclusion of marginalised groups, especially people with mental illness. KŁOS operates a hotel, catering, and vocational training centre, U Pana Cogito offers hospitality employment and discreet awareness-building; JMP Foundation promotes inclusive education using technology and runs a charity shop and toddler club. These enterprises emphasize structured staff support, tailored vocational training, and innovative hybrid models to ensure both impact and sustainability, all while navigating legal constraints and limited funding in Poland’s social economy landscape.
