What is a social enterprise?

Businesses that put people and planet before profit

A social enterprise is a business with a social and/or environmental mission at its core. Unlike traditional businesses that focus on private profit, social enterprises are mission-locked, reinvesting any surplus to achieve their purpose.

A global movement

Social enterprises exist across cultures and economies worldwide, building on long-standing community and Indigenous practices.

In numbers globally*: 

10000000 social enterprises

2000000000000 USD generated in annual revenue

200000000 jobs provided

*Data from World Economic Forum’s The State of Social Enterprise: A Review of Global Data 2013–2023 (April 2024). | Read here

How social enterprises operate

Profits are reinvested

to achieve social or environmental goals. For example, a café employing people experiencing homelessness, may use its profits to provide additional training, or a renewable energy company may reinvest in community energy projects.

Decisions are guided by mission, not financial gain

This means choices around operations, staffing and suppliers reflect social and environmental priorities.

Operations vary widely

From community-based projects, such as local recycling initiatives or arts organisations, to large-scale services such as healthcare providers, education programmes, or sustainable agriculture enterprises.

Discover real-life examples in the People and Planet First verified enterprise directory

Five key characteristics of a social enterprise

Working with partners around the world, SEWF has identified five characteristics of social enterprises. These characteristics are also used by the People and Planet First verification.

Purpose

Exists to solve a social and/or environmental problem

Operations

Prioritises purpose, people and planet over profit in operational decisions

Revenue

Has a self-sustaining revenue model

Use of surplus

Reinvests the majority of any surplus towards its purpose

Structure

Chooses legal structures and financing that protect and lock in purpose long-term

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Does your enterprise meet the standards? Get People and Planet First verified and join a collective of 1000+ enterprises moving beyond “business as usual” and building an economy that puts people and planet first.

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Social enterprises in action

Explore how social enterprises are changing lives and communities globally through real-life examples:

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